Volume 17, Issue 1 (8-2023)
Qom Univ Med Sci J 2023, 17(1): 485-496 |
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Research code: 990955
Ethics code: IR.MUMS.REC.1399.590
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Abbasi Z, Kavoosi J, Moghadaci A, Raesi R. Identification of Barriers to Patient Education in the Coronavirus Ward From the Perspective of Nurses Caring for COVID-19 Patients. Qom Univ Med Sci J 2023; 17 (1) : 2839.1
URL: http://journal.muq.ac.ir/article-1-3681-en.html
URL: http://journal.muq.ac.ir/article-1-3681-en.html
1- Akbar Clinical Research & Development Unit, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2- Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
3- Department of Internal-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. ,raesi.br881@gmail.com
2- Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
3- Department of Internal-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. ,
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Introduction
Teaching patients how to prevent COVID-19 and educating them are among the appropriate and important ways to reduce the spread of COVID-19 and its incidence. The philosophy of teaching the patients is to use the information and skills they learn to control and cope with the disease as best as possible and help people improve their lives and reach maximum health and physical and mental abilities. Several benefits of education include improving health, increasing patient satisfaction, improving quality of life, ensuring continuity of care, reducing patient anxiety, reducing the incidence of disease complications, getting out of bed earlier, reducing care and treatment costs, shorter stay in the hospital, increasing patient independence in performing activities every day and passing the recovery period at home show the necessity of educating the patient.
The results of studies in Iran show that although educational interventions are very valuable for patients, inappropriate education is one of the most common complaints of patients in different care departments.
Studies show that the care of patients with COVID-19 requires up-to-date nursing knowledge and effective patient education methods. Thus, the educational role of nurses as the largest group of health service providers in the care of COVID-19 patients requires serious interventions to improve the process of teaching these patients.
Although patient education is one of the priorities and standards of care, the results of studies indicate insufficient education of nurses to patients. Despite being aware of their legal, moral, and critical responsibilities in educating the patient, nurses have not accepted their role well. This disease has shown the importance of training these patients because the training during hospitalization can speed up the recovery process of patients and reduce the duration of hospitalization, prevent the transmission of the virus to family members and others after discharge, and reduce the re-hospitalization rate. Due to the limited number of studies regarding the knowledge of barriers to patient education from the point of view of nurses in the COVID-19 wards, this study was conducted to determine the opinions of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients about the barriers to patient education in the coronavirus ward of 22 Bahman Hospital in Khaf City, Iran.
Methods
The current research is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted from December 22, 2020, to March 20, 2021. A total of 82 nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 working in the general coronavirus ward of 22 Bahman Khaf Hospital were selected by census method and included in the study. The inclusion criteria included having at least three months of nursing care experience in the COVID-19 ward, working under contract or formal employment, bearing at least a bachelor's degree, and providing informed consent and willing to participate in the study. The incomplete completion of the questionnaire was considered as the exclusion criterion. To collect data, the study questionnaire of Mohammad Haddad was used.
The first part of the questionnaire was related to demographic characteristics, including 6 questions (age, gender, education level, work experience in the coronavirus sector, marital status, type of employment). The second part includes 15 questions about the obstacles to education for COVID-19 patients, which shows nurses' views in four areas. The questions were scored on a 3-point Likert scale from low (score 1) to high impact (score 3). The average score of each factor is the degree of impact of that factor. The scope was on the barriers to patient education from the nurses' point of view.
After approval of the research plan by the Research Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, the researcher received a written introduction letter from Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and presented it to the relevant officials at 22 Bahman Khaf Hospital.
Due to the spread of COVID-19, an electronic questionnaire was used to collect information. The nurses read this questionnaire by forming a group in the virtual space of the WhatsApp application, and their responses were collected. The data were analyzed using the chi-square, the Friedman, the Wilcoxon, the Mann-Whitney U, and the Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests at a significance level of 0.05 in SPSS software, version 22.
Results
In this study, 82 nurses taking care of COVID-19 patients were investigated. According to the views of most of the studied nurses, management factors (67.1%) and working conditions (53.7%) have a significant impact on the barriers to patient education. Most nurses believed that the influence of nurses' attitudes (57.3%) and educational skills (57.3%) were moderate obstacles in educating the patient.
The highest average score of the point of view related to the obstacles of teaching patients was in the area of management factors (2.4±0.3), and the lowest average score was associated with the field of educational skills (1.8±0.3). The results showed that the average score of the nurses' point of view regarding the barriers to teaching patients is significantly higher in the management field than in other fields and the field of working conditions than in the fields of nurses' attitudes and educational skills (P<0.05).
Conclusion
According to the study results, management is the main factor in the obstacles to education for COVID-19 patients. Therefore, to improve the education program for the patients, managers should encourage nurses to carry out patient education through continuous monitoring and control in the process of education to the patients, issuing an organizational notice to clarify the role of nurses in the process of patient education, considering the educational activity of nurses in the evaluation of work records, allocating sufficient funds to meet the educational needs of the hospital, and considering the motivational programs of nurses.
Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines
This study was approved by th the Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (Code IR.MUMS.REC.1399.590).
Funding
This article financially supported by the Research Vice-Chancellor of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
Authors contributions
All authors equally contributed to preparing this article.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to express their sincere thanks and appreciation to the honorable Vice President of Research and Technology of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, the nurses and officials of 22 Bahman Khaf Hospital, and all the people who helped us carry out this project.
Teaching patients how to prevent COVID-19 and educating them are among the appropriate and important ways to reduce the spread of COVID-19 and its incidence. The philosophy of teaching the patients is to use the information and skills they learn to control and cope with the disease as best as possible and help people improve their lives and reach maximum health and physical and mental abilities. Several benefits of education include improving health, increasing patient satisfaction, improving quality of life, ensuring continuity of care, reducing patient anxiety, reducing the incidence of disease complications, getting out of bed earlier, reducing care and treatment costs, shorter stay in the hospital, increasing patient independence in performing activities every day and passing the recovery period at home show the necessity of educating the patient.
The results of studies in Iran show that although educational interventions are very valuable for patients, inappropriate education is one of the most common complaints of patients in different care departments.
Studies show that the care of patients with COVID-19 requires up-to-date nursing knowledge and effective patient education methods. Thus, the educational role of nurses as the largest group of health service providers in the care of COVID-19 patients requires serious interventions to improve the process of teaching these patients.
Although patient education is one of the priorities and standards of care, the results of studies indicate insufficient education of nurses to patients. Despite being aware of their legal, moral, and critical responsibilities in educating the patient, nurses have not accepted their role well. This disease has shown the importance of training these patients because the training during hospitalization can speed up the recovery process of patients and reduce the duration of hospitalization, prevent the transmission of the virus to family members and others after discharge, and reduce the re-hospitalization rate. Due to the limited number of studies regarding the knowledge of barriers to patient education from the point of view of nurses in the COVID-19 wards, this study was conducted to determine the opinions of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients about the barriers to patient education in the coronavirus ward of 22 Bahman Hospital in Khaf City, Iran.
Methods
The current research is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted from December 22, 2020, to March 20, 2021. A total of 82 nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 working in the general coronavirus ward of 22 Bahman Khaf Hospital were selected by census method and included in the study. The inclusion criteria included having at least three months of nursing care experience in the COVID-19 ward, working under contract or formal employment, bearing at least a bachelor's degree, and providing informed consent and willing to participate in the study. The incomplete completion of the questionnaire was considered as the exclusion criterion. To collect data, the study questionnaire of Mohammad Haddad was used.
The first part of the questionnaire was related to demographic characteristics, including 6 questions (age, gender, education level, work experience in the coronavirus sector, marital status, type of employment). The second part includes 15 questions about the obstacles to education for COVID-19 patients, which shows nurses' views in four areas. The questions were scored on a 3-point Likert scale from low (score 1) to high impact (score 3). The average score of each factor is the degree of impact of that factor. The scope was on the barriers to patient education from the nurses' point of view.
After approval of the research plan by the Research Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, the researcher received a written introduction letter from Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and presented it to the relevant officials at 22 Bahman Khaf Hospital.
Due to the spread of COVID-19, an electronic questionnaire was used to collect information. The nurses read this questionnaire by forming a group in the virtual space of the WhatsApp application, and their responses were collected. The data were analyzed using the chi-square, the Friedman, the Wilcoxon, the Mann-Whitney U, and the Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests at a significance level of 0.05 in SPSS software, version 22.
Results
In this study, 82 nurses taking care of COVID-19 patients were investigated. According to the views of most of the studied nurses, management factors (67.1%) and working conditions (53.7%) have a significant impact on the barriers to patient education. Most nurses believed that the influence of nurses' attitudes (57.3%) and educational skills (57.3%) were moderate obstacles in educating the patient.
The highest average score of the point of view related to the obstacles of teaching patients was in the area of management factors (2.4±0.3), and the lowest average score was associated with the field of educational skills (1.8±0.3). The results showed that the average score of the nurses' point of view regarding the barriers to teaching patients is significantly higher in the management field than in other fields and the field of working conditions than in the fields of nurses' attitudes and educational skills (P<0.05).
Conclusion
According to the study results, management is the main factor in the obstacles to education for COVID-19 patients. Therefore, to improve the education program for the patients, managers should encourage nurses to carry out patient education through continuous monitoring and control in the process of education to the patients, issuing an organizational notice to clarify the role of nurses in the process of patient education, considering the educational activity of nurses in the evaluation of work records, allocating sufficient funds to meet the educational needs of the hospital, and considering the motivational programs of nurses.
Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines
This study was approved by th the Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (Code IR.MUMS.REC.1399.590).
Funding
This article financially supported by the Research Vice-Chancellor of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
Authors contributions
All authors equally contributed to preparing this article.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to express their sincere thanks and appreciation to the honorable Vice President of Research and Technology of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, the nurses and officials of 22 Bahman Khaf Hospital, and all the people who helped us carry out this project.
Type of Study: Original Article |
Subject:
پرستاری-جراحی-ویژه-کودکان
Received: 2023/02/19 | Accepted: 2023/04/15 | Published: 2023/08/1
Received: 2023/02/19 | Accepted: 2023/04/15 | Published: 2023/08/1
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