Volume 16, Issue 5 (August 2022)
Qom Univ Med Sci J 2022, 16(5): 354-365 |
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Pirkhaefi A. Comparing the Memory Performance of Iranian Veterans with and without Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Qom Univ Med Sci J 2022; 16 (5) :354-365
URL: http://journal.muq.ac.ir/article-1-3317-en.html
URL: http://journal.muq.ac.ir/article-1-3317-en.html
Comparing the Memory Performance of Iranian Veterans with and without Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medical Science, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Province Semnan, Iran , apirkhaefi@gmail.com
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Introduction
The physical and mental health of veterans depends on paying attention to their psychological problems. The main characteristic of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is triggered by the experience of traumatic or stressful event which can continue for more than one month. This negative emotional experience can affect a person’s cognitive system, especially memory, for a long time. The eight years of war between Iran and Iraq caused a significant group of soldiers and veterans to suffer from PTSD. The stresses caused by war can usually lead to the occurrence of nervous pressure and psychological conflicts, especially in memory. Studies have shown that the memory of people suffering from PTSD is impaired and their ability to retrieve information is disturbed. However, there are not many studies on the lasting effects of PTSD in Iranian veterans many years after the Iran-Iraq war. Due to the importance of this issue, the current study aims to investigate and compare the memory performance of Iranian disabled war veterans with and without PTSD.
Method
This is a retrospective cohort study conducted in 2016-2017. Participants were 30 veterans with PTSD and 30 veterans without this disorder in Iran who had records in the Foundation of Martyr and Veterans Affair. The diagnosis of PTSD or its absence was previously made by a psychiatrist and approved by the medical commission of the Foundation of Martyr and Veteran Affairs. The sampling method was done using a purposive method and was done based on the inclusion criteria. The data collection tool was the Wechsler memory scale (WMS). Data analysis was performed using multivariate analysis of variance.
Results
There was a significant difference between the two groups in all WMS subscales (general information, orientation, mental control, logical memory, digit span, visual memory, associate learning). The veterans with PTSD had memory scores in all subscales compared to the veterans without PTSD.
Discussion
Memory performance of disabled Iranian veterans with and without PTSD is different in all dimensions. Those with PTSD have not the same memory function as those without PTSD. This indicates the relative stability of the effects of PTSD on veterans after many years of service. This study had some limitations. The two groups of veterans were not fully matched; there was a lack of full access to their information before becoming disabled due to war, and it was not possible to fully examine their memory and conduct other neuropsychological evaluations of memory.
Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines
APA's ethical guidelines regarding contributors and intellectual property rights were followed.
Funding
This project is supported by Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch.
Conflicts of interest
There is no conflict of interest in this plan.
The physical and mental health of veterans depends on paying attention to their psychological problems. The main characteristic of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is triggered by the experience of traumatic or stressful event which can continue for more than one month. This negative emotional experience can affect a person’s cognitive system, especially memory, for a long time. The eight years of war between Iran and Iraq caused a significant group of soldiers and veterans to suffer from PTSD. The stresses caused by war can usually lead to the occurrence of nervous pressure and psychological conflicts, especially in memory. Studies have shown that the memory of people suffering from PTSD is impaired and their ability to retrieve information is disturbed. However, there are not many studies on the lasting effects of PTSD in Iranian veterans many years after the Iran-Iraq war. Due to the importance of this issue, the current study aims to investigate and compare the memory performance of Iranian disabled war veterans with and without PTSD.
Method
This is a retrospective cohort study conducted in 2016-2017. Participants were 30 veterans with PTSD and 30 veterans without this disorder in Iran who had records in the Foundation of Martyr and Veterans Affair. The diagnosis of PTSD or its absence was previously made by a psychiatrist and approved by the medical commission of the Foundation of Martyr and Veteran Affairs. The sampling method was done using a purposive method and was done based on the inclusion criteria. The data collection tool was the Wechsler memory scale (WMS). Data analysis was performed using multivariate analysis of variance.
Results
There was a significant difference between the two groups in all WMS subscales (general information, orientation, mental control, logical memory, digit span, visual memory, associate learning). The veterans with PTSD had memory scores in all subscales compared to the veterans without PTSD.
Discussion
Memory performance of disabled Iranian veterans with and without PTSD is different in all dimensions. Those with PTSD have not the same memory function as those without PTSD. This indicates the relative stability of the effects of PTSD on veterans after many years of service. This study had some limitations. The two groups of veterans were not fully matched; there was a lack of full access to their information before becoming disabled due to war, and it was not possible to fully examine their memory and conduct other neuropsychological evaluations of memory.
Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines
APA's ethical guidelines regarding contributors and intellectual property rights were followed.
Funding
This project is supported by Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch.
Conflicts of interest
There is no conflict of interest in this plan.
Type of Study: Original Article |
Subject:
روانشناسی
Received: 2021/11/15 | Accepted: 2022/07/20 | Published: 2022/08/1
Received: 2021/11/15 | Accepted: 2022/07/20 | Published: 2022/08/1
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