Ethics code: IR.MUQ.REC.1402.007
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Mollarahimi-Maleki F, Akbari Aleagha M M, Mohammadi A. Relationship Between Health-promoting Lifestyle and COVID-19 Vaccination in the General Population of Qom City, Iran. Qom Univ Med Sci J 2024; 18 : 2939.1
URL: http://journal.muq.ac.ir/article-1-3955-en.html
URL: http://journal.muq.ac.ir/article-1-3955-en.html
1- Spiritual Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. & Department of Community and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. , fmollarahimi@gmail.com
2- Department of Community and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
2- Department of Community and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
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Introduction
Health-promoting lifestyle refers to performing healthy activities and preventive measures such as vaccination. Vaccination is one of the most influential and cost-effective methods for disease prevention and maintaining health. It has great impact on reducing mortality, especially in children, and increasing life expectancy and population [1]. COVID-19 is a novel infectious disease that threatened the people in all countries. One of the ways to control this disease is vaccination. The present study aims to determine the relationship between receiving the COVID-19 vaccine and the health-promoting lifestyle in adults.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study. Using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, 305 people aged 18-60 years with and without COVID-19 vaccination living in Qom, Iran, were selected. A demographic checklist was used to survey their age, gender, occupation, educational level, marital status, history of underlying diseases, history of COVID-19 infection, and number of vaccine doses received. The health-promoting lifestyle profile-II (HPLP-II) was used to measure the health-promoting lifestyle of participants in six domains: health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, interpersonal relationships, stress management and spiritual growth. t-test, chi-square test and Spearman correlation test were used for the analysis of data in SPSS software, version 26.
Results
The mean age of the participants was 34.14±10.75 years. It was found that 258 people (84.6%) had a history of injecting at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, and 15.4% had not received the vaccine. Among 258 people with vaccination, 61% had injected two doses, 12% had only one dose, and 26% had more than two doses. Regarding their willingness to receive the vaccine, 145 agreed to have vaccination and received the vaccine voluntarily, while 73 people did not agree, and 87 received the vaccine because they had no choice.
The difference in tendency towards vaccination was significant based on the HPLP-II domains of spiritual growth (P<0.001), health responsibility (P=0.05), stress management (P=0.03), physical activity (P=0.05), and nutrition (P<0.001), but the difference was not significant in the domain of interpersonal relationships (P=0.45). The mean total score of HPLP-II was 133.91±20.42, which indicates a moderate level. The mean scores for the dimensions of physical activity and nutrition were 16.73 and 18.44, respectively, which indicate a low physical activity and moderate nutrition level.
According to the results of the Spearman correlation test, there was a positive and significant relationship between COVID-19 vaccination and COVID-19 infection (r=0.12, P=0.02). Also, the relationship of health responsibility with vaccination (r=0.70, P=0.01) and the number of vaccine doses (r=0.62, P<0.001) was positive and significant. The relationship of the stress management domain with vaccination (r=0.69, P<0.00) was positive and significant. However, the relationship of interpersonal relationships, nutrition, and physical activity with vaccination was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
The total HPLP-II score of people in Qom City is moderate to high, however, their scores for domains of exercise, nutrition, and stress management are low or moderate-to-low. Practical action is needed to promote them. They had high tendency towards COVID-19 vaccination. There is a significant relationship between health responsibility and COVID-19 vaccination and the number of vaccine doses. According to the results, health-promoting behaviors should be supported in order to create more enthusiasm for vaccination and more participation in health-oriented programs in the community.
Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran (Code: IR.MUQ.REC.1402.007). Informed consent was obtained from the participants and they were assured that the information is completely confidential and is collected for research work.
Funding
This research did not receive any grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or non-profit sectors.
Authors contributions
All authors equally contributed to preparing this article.
Health-promoting lifestyle refers to performing healthy activities and preventive measures such as vaccination. Vaccination is one of the most influential and cost-effective methods for disease prevention and maintaining health. It has great impact on reducing mortality, especially in children, and increasing life expectancy and population [1]. COVID-19 is a novel infectious disease that threatened the people in all countries. One of the ways to control this disease is vaccination. The present study aims to determine the relationship between receiving the COVID-19 vaccine and the health-promoting lifestyle in adults.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study. Using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, 305 people aged 18-60 years with and without COVID-19 vaccination living in Qom, Iran, were selected. A demographic checklist was used to survey their age, gender, occupation, educational level, marital status, history of underlying diseases, history of COVID-19 infection, and number of vaccine doses received. The health-promoting lifestyle profile-II (HPLP-II) was used to measure the health-promoting lifestyle of participants in six domains: health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, interpersonal relationships, stress management and spiritual growth. t-test, chi-square test and Spearman correlation test were used for the analysis of data in SPSS software, version 26.
Results
The mean age of the participants was 34.14±10.75 years. It was found that 258 people (84.6%) had a history of injecting at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, and 15.4% had not received the vaccine. Among 258 people with vaccination, 61% had injected two doses, 12% had only one dose, and 26% had more than two doses. Regarding their willingness to receive the vaccine, 145 agreed to have vaccination and received the vaccine voluntarily, while 73 people did not agree, and 87 received the vaccine because they had no choice.
The difference in tendency towards vaccination was significant based on the HPLP-II domains of spiritual growth (P<0.001), health responsibility (P=0.05), stress management (P=0.03), physical activity (P=0.05), and nutrition (P<0.001), but the difference was not significant in the domain of interpersonal relationships (P=0.45). The mean total score of HPLP-II was 133.91±20.42, which indicates a moderate level. The mean scores for the dimensions of physical activity and nutrition were 16.73 and 18.44, respectively, which indicate a low physical activity and moderate nutrition level.
According to the results of the Spearman correlation test, there was a positive and significant relationship between COVID-19 vaccination and COVID-19 infection (r=0.12, P=0.02). Also, the relationship of health responsibility with vaccination (r=0.70, P=0.01) and the number of vaccine doses (r=0.62, P<0.001) was positive and significant. The relationship of the stress management domain with vaccination (r=0.69, P<0.00) was positive and significant. However, the relationship of interpersonal relationships, nutrition, and physical activity with vaccination was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
The total HPLP-II score of people in Qom City is moderate to high, however, their scores for domains of exercise, nutrition, and stress management are low or moderate-to-low. Practical action is needed to promote them. They had high tendency towards COVID-19 vaccination. There is a significant relationship between health responsibility and COVID-19 vaccination and the number of vaccine doses. According to the results, health-promoting behaviors should be supported in order to create more enthusiasm for vaccination and more participation in health-oriented programs in the community.
Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran (Code: IR.MUQ.REC.1402.007). Informed consent was obtained from the participants and they were assured that the information is completely confidential and is collected for research work.
Funding
This research did not receive any grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or non-profit sectors.
Authors contributions
All authors equally contributed to preparing this article.
Type of Study: Original Article |
Subject:
پزشکی اجتماعی
Received: 2024/05/28 | Accepted: 2024/08/3 | Published: 2024/04/29
Received: 2024/05/28 | Accepted: 2024/08/3 | Published: 2024/04/29
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