Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal

Background and Objectives: Pseudomembranous colitis is an advanced form of infection with clostridium difficile, which damage epithelial cells following colonization in the intestine and production of toxins A and B. Diarrhea is the most common clinical manifestation caused by C. difficile, which in these cases, blood is never observed macroscopically in the stool. Antibiotic exposure is the main risk factor for this infection and is especially associated with ampicillin, clindamycine, and 2^nd and 3^rd generation cephalosporins, such as ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime. To confirm the diagnosis of infection, assessment of the microorganism toxins in the stool by PCR as well as observation of pseudomembrane in colonoscopy, was performed. In this article, a case of an old patient with diarrhea (pseudomembranous colitis) was presented in this article.

Case Report: The patient is an 85-year-old man with signs of weakness, fatigue, fever and chills, and non-productive cough and diagnosis of pneumonia underwent antibiotic therapy, and in the course of treatment, he demonstrated massive watery diarrhea. Laboratory colonoscopy findings was indicative of infection with C. difficile.