Volume 19, Issue 1 (3-2025)
Qom Univ Med Sci J 2025, 19(1): 0-0 |
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Nasirizadeh S, Ghasempour A, Rahimi F, Rahimi F, Sedighi M. A Review of the Limitations of Porous Nanosystems in Drug Delivery and How to Improve Them. Qom Univ Med Sci J 2025; 19 (1) : 2853.1
URL: http://journal.muq.ac.ir/article-1-3831-en.html
URL: http://journal.muq.ac.ir/article-1-3831-en.html
Samira Nasirizadeh1 
, Alireza Ghasempour2 , Fereshteh Rahimi3 , Fereshteh Rahimi4 , Mahsa Sedighi *5
, Alireza Ghasempour2 , Fereshteh Rahimi3 , Fereshteh Rahimi4 , Mahsa Sedighi *5
1- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran. & Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
2- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Life Sciences Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
4- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Life Sciences Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
5- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran ,m.sedighi@bums.ac.ir
2- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Life Sciences Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
4- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Life Sciences Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
5- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran ,
Abstract: (1078 Views)
Background and Objectives: Modern drug delivery strategies using nano-systems have attracted attention in recent years. There are several studies on porous silicon (Psi)-based nanosystems due to their impressive features, including large surface area, high pore volume, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Today, most studies have focused on designing smart drug carriers that can specifically respond to physical and chemical environmental changes such as magnetic field, pH, reducing agents, biomolecules, etc. However, their use has some limitations. This study aims to review the limitations of these nanosystems in drug delivery and investigate the solutions.
Methods: In this review study, to collect information, related articles in English were searched in electronic databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, using the keywords including porous nanostructures, gatekeepers, controlled drug delivery, nanocarriers, silica nanoparticles, and stimuli-responsive nanosystems.
Results: Despite the advantages of Psi nanosystems, burst release and drug leakage from their pores before reaching the target area have limited their use. Therefore, Gatekeepers are suggested as a suitable strategy to solve this challenge and create intelligent nanosystems, which can be inorganic nanoparticles, polymer coatings, or even a combination of them. Gatekeepers can cover the surface of Psi nanosystems to close the pores and prevent drug release before reaching the target area. However, according to the inherent characteristics of the gatekeepers, they can respond to internal or external stimuli in the target area and induce drug release by separating from the surface, by which the occurrence of side effects and uncertainty in determining the effective dose will be prevented.
Conclusion: Considering promising applications of porous materials in nanomedicine, gatekeepers have been introduced in this review as an effective material to overcome the limitations of porous materials.
Methods: In this review study, to collect information, related articles in English were searched in electronic databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, using the keywords including porous nanostructures, gatekeepers, controlled drug delivery, nanocarriers, silica nanoparticles, and stimuli-responsive nanosystems.
Results: Despite the advantages of Psi nanosystems, burst release and drug leakage from their pores before reaching the target area have limited their use. Therefore, Gatekeepers are suggested as a suitable strategy to solve this challenge and create intelligent nanosystems, which can be inorganic nanoparticles, polymer coatings, or even a combination of them. Gatekeepers can cover the surface of Psi nanosystems to close the pores and prevent drug release before reaching the target area. However, according to the inherent characteristics of the gatekeepers, they can respond to internal or external stimuli in the target area and induce drug release by separating from the surface, by which the occurrence of side effects and uncertainty in determining the effective dose will be prevented.
Conclusion: Considering promising applications of porous materials in nanomedicine, gatekeepers have been introduced in this review as an effective material to overcome the limitations of porous materials.
Article number: 2853.1
Keywords: Drug delivery systems (DDS), Nanomedicine, Porous nanoparticles, Stimuli-responsive polymers
Type of Study: Review Article |
Subject:
pharmacology
Received: 2023/10/11 | Accepted: 2023/12/31 | Published: 2025/03/30
Received: 2023/10/11 | Accepted: 2023/12/31 | Published: 2025/03/30
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